Although there are ample resources on how to teach reading, math, science, or other types of academic content,there is comparatively little guidance for teachers on how students learn and why. Can intelligence be developed? Do teacher expectations shape student learning? How can teachers help students work through challenging learning situations on their own? This book is ifor any teacher who has students who struggle and who wants learning to stick. The book reveals, for example, that intelligence is largely the ability to recognize and make connections--and that this ability is fluid and modifiable. Drawing from theory and research in learning, this book offers clear, practical guidance along with inspirational ideas to show how teachers can enable students to gain both the cognitive competence and confidence needed to succeed academically. It includes practices in the following areas: --Developing perseverance and diligence in work habits --Cultivating reasoning s